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99 Disaster Management Dissertation Topics | Research Ideas

By Adam in Disaster Management , Management

Are you a student searching for compelling dissertation topics in disaster management? That’s your stop! Our comprehensive list of research ideas is tailored to help you find the perfect topics for your dissertation in disaster management. Here are some commonly asked questions from students researching dissertation topics in Disaster Management based on trends we’ve seen […]

Here are some commonly asked questions from students researching dissertation topics in Disaster Management based on trends we’ve seen across multiple forums. This post will help you identify key themes and trending research areas.

Are there any trending research proposal ideas in disaster management for a PhD in 2024?
What recent project topics on disaster management are suitable for a BSc thesis?
Could someone suggest potential thesis topics in disaster management for an MA degree in the UK?
What are some researchable disaster management dissertation ideas for a PhD?

Introduction:

Disasters, both natural and man-made, have profound impacts on societies, economies, and the environment. With the increasing frequency and severity of disasters worldwide, the field of disaster management has gained significant importance. By exploring the latest trends, challenges, and best practices in this field, your dissertation can make a meaningful contribution to the disaster management community. Dissertation topics on disaster management usually center around human suffering and strategies to avoid or manage this. Some interesting disaster management topics include an early assessment of disasters, their mitigation, and the alleviation of human suffering, particularly for vulnerable communities, as well as risk management.

Whether you’re pursuing an undergraduate, master’s, or doctoral degree in the UK, our carefully curated list of unique thesis topics will inspire you to delve into areas such as disaster response, risk assessment, community resilience, policy development, and more. This list aims to assist students in identifying good research proposal ideas that delve into the critical aspects of disaster management, addressing the pressing challenges faced by communities, organizations, and governments in building safer and more resilient societies. The following is an extended list of disaster management thesis topics, including interesting research questions and examples, to hint at ideas that can be used for writing a quality research paper.

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List of disaster management dissertation topics:, disaster management research proposal ideas.

Assessing the effectiveness of international collaboration and cooperation in addressing global disasters in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Investigating the socio-cultural factors influencing community resilience to disasters.
Analyzing the role of insurance in mitigating the financial impacts of disasters.
Comparing the resilience and adaptive capacity of communities facing similar hazards but differing in socio-economic conditions.
Investigating the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in disaster management.

Innovative Disaster Management Dissertation Topics

Analyzing the psychological impacts of disasters on survivors and their long-term recovery.
Examining the role of technology in enhancing disaster preparedness and response through a case study of a technologically advanced disaster management system.
Assessing the integration of public health and infectious disease management into disaster risk reduction strategies post-COVID.
Investigating the impacts of extreme weather events on critical infrastructure in the UK: lessons learned and future considerations.
Evaluating the applicability of the social-ecological systems framework in assessing communities’ vulnerability and adaptive capacity to climate-related disasters.

Key Disaster Management Research Questions

How can media be deployed in warning communities of impending and forecasted disasters? Antecedents from literature.
What role do social networks play in post-disaster recovery and community resilience?
What are the socio-economic impacts of natural disasters on vulnerable populations?
How effective are risk communication strategies in enhancing public understanding of disaster risks?
What are the ethical considerations in disaster management decision-making?

Effective Disaster Management Dissertation Titles

Analyzing the impact of gender on disaster vulnerability and resilience.
A systematic review of disaster management policies in US coastal areas with changes in climate and warning alerts.
Social rehabilitation programs for victims of earthquakes in emerging economies: a critical review of trends and policies.
The implications of COVID-19 on mental health and psychosocial support in disaster-affected populations.
Community support during disasters: a review of manmade disasters in the UK and their management.

Disaster Management Dissertation Examples

A comparative analysis of disaster management policies and practices in different countries: lessons learned and best practices.
Examining the effectiveness of early warning systems for different types of hazards in the UK.
A case study analysis of community resilience in a region affected by recurrent natural disasters.
Analyzing the effectiveness of post-disaster reconstruction programs in restoring communities and promoting long-term resilience.
A comparative study of the implementation and outcomes of climate change adaptation strategies in different regions or countries.

Emerging Hot Topics in Disaster Management

Analyzing the role of social media in disaster communication and public response.
Investigating the role of data analytics and predictive modeling in post-COVID disaster risk assessment and early warning systems.
Exploring the application of complexity theory in understanding and managing complex emergencies.
Analyzing the impact of urbanization on disaster risk and management.
Evaluating the impact of climate change on the frequency and intensity of natural disasters.

Dissertation Help for Disaster Management Students

Investigating the effectiveness of remote communication and virtual platforms in disaster response and coordination post-COVID.
Assessing the effectiveness of community-based disaster management approaches in enhancing resilience.
Evaluating the efficiency and effectiveness of emergency response systems in coordinating multi-agency efforts during disasters.
Assessing the role of information communication technologies (ICTs) in enhancing disaster preparedness and response in the UK.
Analyzing the challenges and opportunities of integrating climate change adaptation into disaster risk reduction strategies using a case study approach.

Disaster Management Thesis Ideas

Investigating the role of education and public awareness in disaster preparedness.
Exploring the effectiveness of disaster response coordination through a case study of a specific emergency management agency.
Investigating the long-term socio-economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on vulnerable communities and their resilience to future disasters.
Comparing the effectiveness of early warning systems in different regions prone to similar types of hazards.
Assessing the effectiveness of shelter and housing programs in post-disaster recovery.

Critical Disaster Management Thesis Topics

Investigating the role of technological innovations in disaster preparedness and response.
Examining the effectiveness of public-private partnerships in post-disaster recovery through a case study of a collaborative project.
Analyzing the effectiveness of evacuation plans and strategies in minimizing the risks to vulnerable populations during disasters.
Assessing the role of social networks in post-disaster recovery through a case study of a disaster-affected community.
Evaluating the post-disaster recovery and reconstruction efforts in the UK: lessons learned and challenges faced.

Thesis Research Questions on Disaster Management

What factors influence public perception and response to evacuation orders during disasters?
How can complexity theory aid in managing complex emergencies?
What are the barriers to effective disaster management in emerging economies?
How effective are disaster risk reduction interventions in minimizing disaster events?
How do socio-cultural factors impact community resilience to disasters?

Case Study Review Topics in Disaster Management

Analyzing the role of community resilience in the UK’s response to natural disasters: a case study of a specific community.
Examining the use of social network theory in understanding communication and coordination during disaster events.
Investigating the role of social media platforms in facilitating real-time information sharing and communication during disaster events.
Analyzing the economic impacts of disasters on local businesses and exploring strategies for their recovery and resilience.
Investigating the role of organizational resilience theory in building resilience within emergency management agencies.

Disaster Management Project Ideas

Management of medical supplies in high earthquake risk zones across the globe: a review of literature.
Analyzing the effectiveness of flood risk management strategies in the UK: a case study of a specific region.
A systematic review of environmental hazards across the globe.
Analyzing the impact of climate change adaptation on disaster management practices in different regions.

Disaster Management Project Titles

Tourism disaster management: a critical perspective from literature.
An appraisal of the need for global tourism disaster management frameworks.
Social networks in post-disaster recovery and community resilience: a systematic review of their role and dynamics.
Ethical considerations in disaster management decision-making: a review of ethical frameworks and dilemmas.
Financial mechanisms for disaster risk financing: a literature review on insurance, risk pooling, and resilience funds.

Practical Disaster Management Project Topics

Assessing the effectiveness of risk communication strategies in enhancing public understanding of disaster risks.
Evaluating the coordination and collaboration among different agencies involved in disaster management in the UK.
Analyzing the role of community-based disaster management approaches in promoting resilience.

Project Research Questions in Disaster Management

How does the COVID-19 pandemic impact supply chains and logistics in disaster response efforts?
What role do social networks play in post-disaster recovery?
How effective are early warning systems in preventing disaster-related losses?
What is the impact of socio-economic conditions on community resilience to disasters?
How can disaster management policies be optimized for local contexts?

Real-Life Disaster Management Project Examples

Assessing the effectiveness of post-disaster reconstruction programs in restoring communities and promoting resilience.
Analyzing the challenges of integrating climate change adaptation into disaster risk reduction strategies through case studies.
Investigating the role of social networks in post-disaster recovery and community resilience.
Evaluating the applicability of the social-ecological systems framework in assessing community vulnerability.
Comparing socio-economic impacts of specific disaster events in different regions or countries.

Disaster Management Research Paper Ideas

Investigating the effectiveness of the risk society theory in explaining societal responses to natural disasters.
Comparing the efficiency and effectiveness of post-disaster recovery programs in different regions or countries.
Analyzing the role of cultural heritage preservation in disaster management: approaches and case studies.
Analyzing the socio-economic impacts of a specific disaster on vulnerable populations using a case study approach.
Analyzing the utility of the disaster risk reduction framework in enhancing disaster preparedness and response efforts.

Current Disaster Management Research Paper Topics

Investigating the role of community-based disaster management approaches through a case study of a community-led disaster response initiative.
Examining the role of technology in disaster preparedness and response: a comparative analysis of different solutions.
Investigating the role of data analytics in post-COVID disaster risk assessment and early warning systems.

Research Paper Research Questions on Disaster Management

How effective are disaster risk reduction interventions in reducing the frequency and severity of disaster events?
How can public awareness impact disaster preparedness efforts?
What factors influence public perception of disaster risks?
How does urbanization affect disaster vulnerability?
What is the role of insurance in managing financial impacts of disasters?

Examples of Disaster Management Research Papers

A comprehensive review of challenges and opportunities in integrating climate change adaptation into disaster risk reduction strategies.
Analyzing the effectiveness of community-based disaster management approaches in diverse cultural and socio-economic contexts.
Investigating the socio-economic impacts of natural disasters through case studies in different regions.
Evaluating the contributions of the human rights-based approach in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction efforts.
Comparing disaster management frameworks across developed and emerging economies.

Conclusion:

Students interested in disaster management often pursue degrees across various academic levels, including undergraduate programs in environmental science, public health, or emergency management. At the master’s level, specialized programs like a Master’s in Disaster Management or Emergency Management allow for deeper expertise in risk assessment, crisis response, and resilience building. Doctoral programs, often in related fields such as public administration, environmental science, or policy studies, enable advanced research into complex disaster scenarios and policy development. Together, these degrees equip students with the knowledge and skills to address pressing global challenges in disaster management and resilience, preparing them to make significant contributions in academia, policy-making, or on-the-ground emergency response.

There you go. Use the list for disaster management dissertation topics well and let us know if you have any comments or suggestions for our topics-related blog posts for the future or looking to get help with dissertation writing , send us an email at [email protected] .

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Best Disaster Management Topic Ideas

Published by Owen Ingram at December 29th, 2022 , Revised On May 2, 2024

Disasters can potentially be quite dangerous to the continued existence of humans on Earth. Therefore, it is crucial to develop fresh, cutting-edge approaches to managing the damage caused by natural disasters. Students of disaster management studies find it difficult to complete their graduate and post-graduate studies due to the extensive research required in dissertations, and the first step towards it is the dissertation topic. Dissertation themes on disaster management cover all the tactics, policies, and plans relating to disaster management. In addition, evaluating disasters and their effects on various populations is another important area for disaster management research.

If you are looking for specific, focused and relevant disaster management thesis ideas, your search is over. We have provided a great selection of disaster management topics below for your consideration.

Intriguing Disaster Management Topics & Ideas

A thorough examination of occupational therapists’ contributions to disaster management.
An analytical investigation of how disaster management can help flood victims remain resilient.
Relationships between community-based organisations in managing regional disasters.
Managing the Arsenic Disaster in Water Supply: Risk Assessment, Medical Costs, and Bangladeshi Policy Options.
Comparison of the Chinese and Turkish disaster management programs, with recommendations.
Setting Up Disaster Resilience Indicators for Taiwan’s Tan-SUI River Basin.
An analysis of how food aid affects the growth of schooling.
An evaluation of the damaging effects of flooding and methods to prevent the calamity.
An explanation Examining the part weather radar plays in catastrophe management procedures.
Analysis of how catastrophe management policies and techniques compare ethically.
Analysis of Potential Large-Scale Natural Disasters: A Case Study of Wenzhou City, China
Information technology’s potential benefits and drawbacks in the field of catastrophe management.
Effects of a comprehensive system of geospatial information services in disaster management.
An evaluation of the connection between cultural diversity and readiness for disasters
Issues with the cyclone disaster management system and proposed fixes.
How do big data computing and social sensing maintain catastrophe management? A systematic approach.
A comparison of developed and developing countries approaches to catastrophe management.
The part social workers play in X country’s disaster management programs.
An evaluation of risk management techniques aimed at boosting food security
Disaster management decision-making processes: how are emergencies handled?
A descriptive approach to disaster management systems for people with disabilities.
Extreme Natural Event Mitigation: A Study of the Latin American National Disaster Funds.
A survey of the literature on the role performed by drone applications in disaster management systems.
Philippines Natural Disaster Risk Management: Reducing Vulnerability.
Ensure sustainable hazard mitigation through community planning, public involvement, and disaster management.
A thorough investigation of money and technology’s role in keeping a disaster management organisation operational.
Disaster Vulnerability and Evacuation Readiness: Floridians living in coastal mobile homes.
A Critical Perspective on the Relationships Between Natural Disasters, Humanitarian Aid, and Disaster Risk Reduction.
Findings from a Field Survey in Post-Earthquake Nepal on Natural Disaster Damages and Their Relationship to Coping Strategy Choices.
Investigating the Impact of Disasters on Local Businesses in the UK.
An analysis of the Impact of Natural Disasters on Equity and Efficiency in Developing Countries.
Examining the Ethical Considerations in Balancing Equity and Efficiency in Disaster Risk Management.
Investigating the Modes of Communication in a Disaster.
The Impact of Weak Governance on Disaster Management.
An Analysis of the Different Species Affected by Disasters.
The Effect of the Magnitude of an Earthquake on Property Destruction.
Exploring the Benefits of Disaster to People who Experience them.
A Systematic Analysis of the Role Played by Occupational Therapists in Disaster Management.

Final Words

There you go. Use or get inspired by our list of top trending dissertation topics on disaster management to kickstart your dissertation writing . Make sure to research your topic well and pass some ideas to your supervisor before you begin writing. If you are still having trouble deciding on a suitable topic and moving on with the proposal, you can get professional help from our topic and outline services available online. Start writing!

Frequently Asked Questions

List down the best disaster management topic ideas.

1. “Effective Community Evacuation Plans” 2. “Cybersecurity in Disaster Preparedness” 3. “Climate Change Resilience Strategies” 4. “Role of AI in Disaster Response” 5. “Sustainable Rebuilding After Disasters”

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287 Disaster Title Ideas for Research & Essays + Examples

Are you looking for a good idea for your presentation, thesis project, dissertation, or other assignment? StudyCorgi has prepared a list of emergency management research topics and essay titles about various disaster-related issues. Below, you’ll also find free A+ essay examples. Read on to get inspired!

🌋 TOP 7 Disaster Management Topics for Presentation

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Forest Fires as a Global Environmental Hazard
Chernobyl Disaster and Engineering Ethics
Earthquakes’ Impacts on Society
A Natural Disaster Preparation Plan
2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami
Hurricane Katrina: Government Ethical Dilemmas
Natural Disasters: Rebuilding and Recovery
MAP-IT Framework for Disaster Recovery Plan for the Vila Health Community This Vila Health Disaster Recovery Plan will address the potential threat of the Monkeypox (MPX) outbreak in the Charlotte, North Carolina, area.
Disaster: Typhoon in Philipines Developing countries struggle to receive equal access to the same options. States like the Philippines do not have enough resources to invest in resilience and prevention measures.
Flooding and Ways to Survive in It The principal idea of this paper is that floods can be predicted, which means that people have a high chance to take preventive measures to stay safe if not panic.
Natural Disasters and Disaster Management in Katmandu This paper identifies the major disasters in the Kathmandu valley, suggested strategies to mitigate them, and the government’s move toward disaster management.
Effect of Flooding on Cultures in Egypt and Mesopotamia The effects of Tigris and Euphrates river largely impacted on the Mesopotamian culture more so with regard to its frequent and destructive floods.
India’s, Indonesia’s, Haiti’s, Japan’s Earthquakes In 2001, the major tremor hit the Indian state Gujarat. It was reported as the most significant earthquake in the region in the last several decades.
Floods: Stages, Types, Effects, and Prevention Flood is the most regularly occurring and the most destructive natural disaster. The most flood-prone area in the world is Asia, but the US has its own share of floods.
Disaster Preparedness for an Earthquake Knowing the signs of an earthquake is the key to survival in the event where it happens. It includes a roaring sound that may initially be gentle but grows louder within seconds.
The Flood in Genesis and Lessons Learnt The story of the Flood in Genesis is fascinating because it is illustrative of the new beginning and a chance to achieve a different result for humanity.
Developing a Disaster Recovery Plan for Vila Health Community The purpose of the presentation is to develop a disaster recovery plan that will address health disparities and improve access to services after a disaster.
Community Health: Disaster Recovery Plan Healthy People 2020 is a government initiative aimed at improving health for all groups. Its objectives are raising length and quality of life, achieving health equity.
Ethics of the Flixborough Chemical Plant Disaster The Flixborough chemical plant disaster exposed some problematic ethical issues found in the engineering industry.
Earthquake Resistant Building Technology & Ethics Foreign engineers aimed to replace Japanese architecture with a more solid one with masonry houses, new railroads, iron bridges and other European technological advances.
Disaster Planning and Health Information Management This paper discusses promising measures and practices to help the organization to avoid situations with loosing all health information in case of future disastrous events.
Comparison of the Loma Prieta California Earthquake and Armenia An earthquake is a tremor in the earth’s crust that results to seismic waves as a result of the sudden energy realized from the earths bowels.
Natural Disasters and Their Effects on Supply Chains This paper identifies emerging global supply chains and uses the cases of Thailand and Japan to explain the impacts of natural disasters on global supply chains.
Galveston Hurricane of 1900 The paper discusses Galveston, the 1900 hurricane. It remains the deadliest in terms of natural disasters ever witnessed in the history of America.
Nurse’s Role in Disaster Planning and Preparedness Public health officials play an important role in disaster planning and emergency preparedness. Nurses are involved in disaster planning, preparedness, response and recovery.
Disaster Recovery Plan in Overcoming Disparities Health services are a social determinant and barrier that affects community health, safety, and recovery efforts.
Disaster Preparedness Experience It is essential to conduct such training for water damage, which can come from floods or even a small leak that goes undetected for some time.
Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster: Causes of the Tragedy and the Measures to Be Taken On January 28, 1986, the Challenger was launched to explode 73 seconds after its lift-off. The tragedy is commonly called “the worst disaster in the history of the space program”.
Disaster Management in Nursing Practice Nurses play a significant role in disaster management – they disseminate knowledge, care for people, and develop improvement strategies.
Decision-Making in the 1989 Hillsborough Disaster The decision-makers in the case of the Hillsborough Disaster were the event organizers, road engineers, and policemen handling the crowd.
Global Warming as a Humanity’s Fault: Activities Triggering Disasters World leaders were forced to hold discussions in Kigali, Rwanda, in late 2016 to establish a deal addressing mechanisms to be adopted to curb global warming.
FEMA Assistance to Man-Made and Natural Disasters The Federal Emergency Management Agency can provide financial assistance to individuals and families who, as a result of natural disasters, have incurred expenses.
Disaster Preparedness and Recovery The paper analyzes the characteristics of public and private partners concerning disaster, their advantages and disadvantages, and the government’s role in disaster control.
Stop Disasters Game: Learning, Entertainment, or Both? It is worth mentioning that the game seems to be informative in helping the player understand how to get prepared for natural calamities.
The Review of the Challenger Disaster This essay aims to discuss the Challenger Disaster and consider the details of the mission. It examines the reasons why the mission was conducted despite the warnings of engineers.
Disaster Recovery Plan At Vila Health At Vila Health, the use of inadequate protocols caused confusion, staff overload, and excessive use of resources, so an improved Disaster Recovery plan is needed.
How Natural Disasters Impact Systems at Various Levels? Health complications such as cancer are associated with nuclear disasters. Such diseases are hard to cure and manage.
Dell Technologies Company’s Disaster Recovery Plan The goals of Dell Technologies include not only succeeding in its target market and attracting new customers but also demonstrating that its technology can be safer.
How Can the Negative Effects of Disasters Be Avoided? A crisis is an event that results in a hazardous and detrimental situation that affects a group, community, country, region. One of the catastrophes that happened in the past was Hurricane Katrina.
Hurricane Katrina: Unprecedented Devastation and Impact In a bid to understand Hurricane Katrina, this paper will focus on the mental, economic, and geographical impact of Hurricane Katrina.
Earthquakes: History and Studies Earthquakes are sudden movements of the earth’s surface caused by the abrupt release of energy into the earth’s crust. The earliest earthquake took place in China in 1411 BC.
A Hurricane Threat: A Risk Communication Plan The paper discusses a risk communication plan for the residents of New Orleans about a hurricane threat. It addresses disaster scenarios and introduces the risk communication plan.
Bhopal Disaster: Analytical Evaluation The Bhopal accident occurred in India almost 40 years ago, on December 2, 1984. This disaster claimed the lives of 3800 people.
Consequences of Northridge Earthquake The paper discusses Northridge Earthquake. A blind thrust fault provoked an earthquake of a magnitude of 6.7, which is high for such a natural phenomenon.
Disasters Influenced by Technology Depending on the natural environment of a community, social and building systems could either be strong or weak and vulnerable to a disaster.
Earthquake: Definition, Stages, and Monitoring An earthquake is a term used to describe the tremors and vibrations of the Earth’s surface; they are the result of sudden natural displacements and ruptures in the Earth’s crust.
Hurricane Katrina and Failures of Emergency Management Operations Hurricane Katrina came from the coast of Louisiana on August 29, 2005, immediately resulting in a Category 3 storm as winds reached the speed of over 120 miles per hour.
Links Between Natural Disasters, Humanitarian Assistance, and Disaster Risk Reduction: A Critical Perspective
Global Warming: The Overlooked Man-Made Disaster Assignment
Natural Disaster, Comparing Huadong and Spence Views
Natural Disaster, Policy Action, and Mental Well-Being: The Case of Fukushima
Natural Disaster Equals Economic Turmoil – Trade Deficit
Disaster and Political Trust: The Japan Tsunami and Earthquake of 2011
Minamata Mercury Pollution Disaster
Natural Disaster Damages and Their Link to Coping Strategy Choices: Field Survey Findings From Post‐Earthquake Nepal
Flood Forecasting: Disaster Risk Management
Disaster Relief for People and Their Pets
Man-Made Natural Disaster: Acid Rain
What Spiritual Issues Surrounding a Disaster Can Arise for Individuals, Communities, and Health Care Providers
Natural Disaster Management Strategy for Common People
Flood Disaster Management With the Use of Association for Healthcare Philanthropy
Disaster Relief and the United Nation’s Style of Leadership
India’s 1984 Bhopal Disaster Analysis
The National Disaster Management Authority
Natural Disaster Insurance and the Equity-Efficiency Trade-off
What the Puerto Rican Hurricanes Make Visible: Chronicle of a Public Health Disaster Foretold
Disaster, Aid, and Preferences: The Long-Run Impact of the Tsunami on Giving in Sri Lanka
Natural Disaster Early Warning Systems
Disaster Preparedness for Travis County Texas
Establishing Disaster Resilience Indicators for Tan-SUI River Basin in Taiwan
Natural Disaster Death and Socio-Economic Factors in Selected Asian Countries
Managing the Arsenic Disaster in Water Supply: Risk Measurement, Costs of Illness and Policy Choices for Bangladesh
Large-Scale Natural Disaster Risk Scenario Analysis: A Case Study of Wenzhou City, China
Hurricane Katrina: Natural Disaster or Human Error
Disaster Relief and the American Red Cross
Extreme Natural Events Mitigation: An Analysis of the National Disaster Funds in Latin America
The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster and Its Effects on the World

What Is the Rarest Disaster?

There are a few suggestions on what the rarest disaster can be. One of them is a limnic eruption. It is described as a sudden eruption of CO2 in the deep lakes. The gases from such an explosion form toxic clouds capable of killing everything near it. Such a devastating event occurred in 1986 when over 1,500 people were found dead.

What Was the #1 Natural Disaster?

The first big natural disaster is believed to be an earthquake in 1755 in Lisbon, Portugal. Its impact was so significant that it changed people’s perception of natural disasters. These phenomena used to be seen as supernatural and were sent upon humans by the gods. After the massive earthquake in Lisbon, the view shifted towards a more scientific direction.

How Do Disasters Affect Human Life?

Disasters are extreme events that affect thousands of people at a time. No matter whether it is naturally occurring or not, a disaster may leave you without a home, personal items, or even loved ones. Life and health are at stake, and with all the losses, it’s common for victims to develop post-traumatic disorder as well.

What Are the Effects of Natural Disasters?

Natural disasters leave previously prospering lands empty and dead. In addition to casualties and injured victims, they also affect the economy and environment. Services and businesses can’t resume their usual work, and the damaged areas become inhabitable, forcing people to flee. Others stay but suffer significant financial losses.

Disaster, PTSD, and Psychological First Aid Psychological first aid should be consistent and evidence-based, practically applicable in the field, appropriate, and culturally flexible.
The Role of Nurses in Disaster Management Taking action in the event of adversities and helping out communities in recuperation is a central part of public health nurses.
Riverbend City’s Flood Disaster Communication Both communication and leadership styles can have profound effects on the behavior and productivity of individuals in their circles. This work analyzes the Riverbend City scenario.
Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Post-Disaster Fraud This report evaluates the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s post-disaster fraud since there have been people wanted to benefit from occurrences of calamities.
Structural Violence and Hurricane Matthew in Haiti Paul Farmer’s chapter “Suffering and Structural Violence” explains the concept of structural violence and applies it to Haiti.
Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Response Health Care practitioners play a very important role in hurricane preparation initiatives and disaster response.
Mississippi’ Disaster: Hurricane Katrina Crisis Strategy The primary strength of the crisis plan adopted by the authorities in Mississippi is the commitment of the authorities respond faster than they did during Hurricane Katrina.
Homeland Security and Fast Responses to Disasters and Terrorism: Strategies and Case Studies Department of Homeland Security sets counter terrorism as the main priority before the adoption of all hazards approaching disaster management.
Tornado and Hurricane Comparison Both a tornado and a hurricane are fraught with terrible consequences, both in terms of material damage and the possible injuries. Hurricanes causes impressively lesser damage.
The Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster The space shuttle is known to be one of the most ambitious projects of the modern age. The idea to create a spaceship seemed fantastic and even ridiculous.
Mining as a Cause of Environmental Disaster Mining does great damage to the environment and biological diversity of the planet. The negative consequences of mining indicates the gravity of the present ecological situation.
Ohio Catastrophe: Train-Induced Chemical Pollution Disasters The paper presents an overview of the chemical pollution incident caused by a train derailment in Ohio alongside possible remedies to combat the pollution.
Climate Activism to Prevent Ecological Disasters The most relevant concern of modern society’s activism revolves around the climate situation and ecological disasters threatening humanity.
Why the Hurricane Katrina Response Failed Hurricane Katrina was the most destructive hurricane in US history, hit in late August 2005. The most severe damage from Hurricane Katrina was caused to New Orleans in Louisiana.
The US Disaster Recovery System’s Analysis The US disaster recovery system is operating below its potential, hence there is a need to review performance in past disaster incidents.
Chornobyl Disaster: Exploring Radiation Measurement After Fukushima The event is the Chornobyl disaster. A flawed reactor design caused it (Westmore, 2020). It resulted in the discharge of radioactive particles.
Earthquake’s Intensity and Magnitude Intensity measures earthquakes’ strength and indicates how much the ground shook. An earthquake’s magnitude quantifies its size.
Lake Oroville Disaster: Analysis Water released from the lake through the spillway was halted to assess the damage, which caused the quick rise of Lake Oroville water levels.
Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Recovery in the US PDD-39 and HSPD-5 are very similar safety directives, united by the provisions concerning terrorism as a world problem and the attitude of the United States towards it.
An Agent-Based Model of Flood Risk and Insurance This paper provides all essential information concerning the nature of property and liability insurance along with its core principles.
Henderson Flood Hazard and Risk Assessment A proper understanding of the disasters capable of disorienting the lives of the people of Henderson can guide different agencies to formulate interventions.
Hurricane Maria and Community Response to Hazard Hurricane Maria, which took place in the United States, Puerto Rico, and Dominica on September 20, 2017, is believed to be one of the most devastating natural disasters.
Discussion of Managing Disasters in the USA People in the United States of America are constantly in danger of natural disasters, such as storms and tornadoes.
Hurricane Response Plan: Analysis The City of Baton Rouge Emergency Services has developed a five-step detailed response plan in the event of a major hurricane to reduce risks to civilians and city infrastructure.
Emergency Operations Plan During Earthquake Timeliness and quality of response to environmental challenges are the primary factors that can save the lives of thousands of people.
The Hurricane Katrina: Consequences Hurricane Katrina is one of the unprecedented disasters that led to deaths and the destruction of economic resources.
The Possibility of Agroterrorism: Disaster Management Efforts The U.S. needs to prepare for the possibility of agroterrorism. Local administrators are responsible for disaster management efforts.
Earthquakes Preventions in USA and Japan The article clarifies the issue of earthquakes in the United States, investigate the weaknesses of the American system, and explore the benefits of the Japanese technique.
Aspects of Hurricane Irma: Analysis The paper examines Hurricane Irma and the responses of the country, state, and Monroe County to the disaster. Irma was one of the most powerful hurricanes.
Earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand The earthquake is considered one of the costliest natural disasters in history. Thousands of buildings, cars, and other property were damaged or destroyed completely.
Researching of Record-Breaking Floods Floods are natural disasters, usually caused by excessive precipitation, leading to severe consequences. The most significant flood in the world occurred in 1931 in China
Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans Hurricane Katrina made landfall in New Orleans, on the United States Gulf Coast, on August 29, 2005, leaving a path of devastation and flooding in her wake.
“Emergency Management”: Building Disaster-Resilient Communities “Emergency Management” exemplifies the opportunities available currently in regard to building disaster-resilient communities to strengthen emergency management in the US.
Space Shuttle Columbia Disaster: Results After the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, NASA identified the management failure elements that led to the disaster and substituted them with sustainable alternatives.
Hurricane Vince: The Tropical Cyclone Hurricane Vince is a tropical cyclone that formed and developed in the eastern region of the Atlantic Ocean in 2005, near the Iberian Peninsula.
Humanitarian Assistance After 2010 Haiti Earthquake This paper aims to discuss how the people of Haiti experienced the earthquake, as well as how humanitarian aid from various organizations helped make a difference for Haitians.
Destructive Atlantic Hurricane Season in 2017 The deadly and destructive 2017 Atlantic Hurricane Season affected many people in society as it made people lose over 200 billion dollars.
The Tohoku Earthquake: Tsunami Entry The paper discusses the Tohoku earthquake. The tsunami evacuation can be described as one that was preceded by warning, preparation, and knowledge.
Earthquakes: Determination of the Risk There is a need to create awareness and knowledge about earthquake disasters and how to mitigate and respond to such disasters.
Disaster Management and Analysis of Information The assessment and analysis of a disaster help understand the main problem, causes, and effects on human safety and security.
Concrete Homes Your Fortress in a Natural Disaster
II-the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Disaster the Year
Hurricane Katrin Human-Made Disaster
Hurricane Sandy: Lessons Learned From the Natural Disaster
Thomas Drabek and Crisis and Disaster Management
Disaster Management: The Cases of Hurricane Katrina, Hurricane Rita, and Hurricane Ike
Natural Disaster, Environmental Concerns, Well-Being and Policy Action
Improving the American Red Cross Disaster Relief
Union Carbide Disaster: Bhopal, India
Managing Risk the Disaster Plan That You Will Need
Disasters: Disaster Management Cycle and Major Disasters in India in the Year 2017
Ready for the Storm: Education for Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation
Fire Prevention and Basic Disaster Management
Japan Tsunami Disaster March 2011 Present the Earthquake-Tsunami Hit Japan
Indian Ocean Tsunami: Disaster, Generosity, and Recovery
Gauley Bridge Disaster and Bhopal Disaster
Natural Disaster Shocks and Macroeconomic Growth in Asia: Evidence for Typhoons and Droughts
Disaster Recovery Toms River After Sandy
The History about the Bhopal Disaster Construction
The Black Death Was the Largest Disaster in European History
Middle Tennessee Disaster Analysis
Living With the Merapi Volcano: Risks and Disaster Microinsurance
Natural Disaster Risk Management in the Philippines: Reducing Vulnerability
Korea’s Neoliberal Restructuring: Miracle or Disaster
The Indian Ocean Tsunami: Economic Impact, Disaster Management, and Lessons
Modeling the Regional Impact of Natural Disaster and Recovery
Knowledge Management Systems and Disaster Management in Malaysia
Disaster Planning and Emergency Response
Disaster Vulnerability and Evacuation Readiness: Coastal Mobile Home Residents in Florida
Hurricane Katrin Disaster Response and Recovery System
Disasters and Emergency Response in the Community The onset of a disaster prompts the nation, region, or community affected to depend on the emergency response team.
Disasters and Actions of Rapid Response Services The collaborative work of rapid response services in emergencies is crucial for the rapid and effective elimination of their consequences and for saving people’s lives.
Earthquake Mitigation Measures for Oregon Oregon could prepare for the earthquake by using earthquake-proof construction technologies and training people.
Earthquake Threats in Bakersfield Earthquakes and dam failures are the most severe threats to Bakersfield, both of which can result in gas leaks and power disruptions.
Hurricane Katrina: Military and Civilian Response One of the three most dramatic catastrophes of the millennium, hurricane Katrina highlighted weak points of government and military forces.
Disaster Recovery Plan for the Vila Health Community The Vila Health community has significant limitations as it has many elderly patients with complex health conditions, with shelters for the homeless running at capacity.
Earthquakes: Effects on People’s Health Earthquakes are one of the global environmental health issues that hugely impact people’s lives in certain geographical areas and communities.
Flood Environmental Issues in the Netherlands With the current constantly rising sea levels, the Netherlands is at constant risk of floods, and those calamities were harsh incentives for the country’s development.
Preventing Forest Fires in California with Forestry Changes From the beginning of the 21st century, California has been experiencing an increase in forest fires, destroying citizens’ lives and property.
Preparedness Planning in Case of Flooding According to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, a preparedness plan for floods is divided into multiple steps that meet a national preparedness goal.
Earthquakes as the Natural Disaster Posing the Greatest Danger to Societies The scope of irreparable damage, human losses, and paralyzed infrastructure due to earthquakes causes high economic costs for rescuing, preventing, reconstructing, rehabilitating.
Disaster Planning for Public Health: Darby Township Case The present paper is devoted to flood preparedness and planning in Darby Township (DT) located in Delaware County, Pennsylvania.
Disasters Caused by Climate Change This paper focuses on several recent natural disasters caused by climate change – simultaneous fires in Russia and floods in Pakistan.
“Measuring Inequality in Community Resilience to Natural Disasters” by Hong et al. This paper analyzes the scientific study “Measuring inequality in community resilience to natural disasters using large-scale mobility data” and the content of the article.
Overpopulation’s and Environmental Disasters’ Connection This essay focuses on evaluating overpopulation as one of the greatest environmental threats, the relationship between the problem of overpopulation and harm to harmony in nature.
Nursing and Natural Disasters: An Emergency Planning Project The purpose of this paper is to describe the role of the nurse in an emergency situation (an earthquake) by listing priorities, resources, describing the nursing process.
The Importance of Disaster Recovery The paper aims at providing a Disaster Recovery Plan for the Vila Health community and presenting evidence-based strategies to enhance the recovery effort.
Noah’s Floods: Development of the Grand Canyon Rocks The paper discusses Noah’s floods. Developing a distinction between the sole causes for the development of the Grand Canyon rocks is still a daunting task.
Drought as an Extremely Dangerous Natural Disaster On our planet, especially in places with an arid climate, drought itself, like the dry winds that cause it, are not uncommon.
IT Disaster Recovery Plan Information technology disaster recovery management procedures remain an important element of the overall corporate strategy.
Human Factors In Aviation: Tenerife Air Disaster The probability of mistake linked to the issue estimates around 30%, which is too high for aviation. For this reason, there is a need for an enhanced understanding of the problem.
Spiritual Considerations in the Context of a Disaster The purpose of this essay is to discuss the spiritual considerations arising after disasters and a nurse’s role in this scenario
Loss Prevention and How It Was Affected by Hurricane Katrina The most damaging flood in United States’ history, is known as the 2005 Great New Orleans Flood or Katrina. It is estimated that the damages were incurred in 2005.
Prevention of Nuclear Disasters The paper reports on the mechanical and engineering failures that sparked a nuclear meltdown in the Three Mile power plant, its effects and the ways to improve safety.
A Report on Earthquakes Using Scientific Terms The current essay is a report on earthquakes using scientific terms from the course. Moment magnitude or moment magnitude scale refers to the relative size of an earthquake.
Chernobyl and Fukushima Disasters: Their Impact on the Ecology The fallout’s impact poses a danger to animal and plant life because of the half-life of the released isotopes. Longer exposure to radiation may lead to the burning of the skin.
Information Technology Disaster Recovery Planning Disaster recovery planning is the procedure and policies set aside by a given organization to ensure their continuity and recovery from a natural or human-caused disaster.
Disaster Responses: Improving the State of Affairs Despite technological improvements and increased knowledge, humanity is still struggling against disasters because they cannot either predict them or respond to them appropriately.
Emergency and Disaster Preparedness in Healthcare The impromptu nature of emergency and disaster occurrence makes it almost impossible to prepare for emergencies and other challenges.
Galveston Hurricane of 1900 and Hurricane Harvey The coast of the United States in general and Texas in particular experiences tropical storms on a regular basis. Hurricanes hit the Texas coastline, often causing property damage.
Hurricane Katrina: Improvised Communication Plan This article seeks to highlight improvised communication plans adopted by the victims in the shelter at the Houston Astrodome.
William Mulholland and the St. Francis Dam Disaster The 1928 St. Francis dam disaster in Los Angeles, California is one of the most devastating man-made failures in the history of the United States.
Lazarus Island: Disaster Systems Analysis and Design This paper aims to develop a web-based emergency management system for the government of Lazarus Island. This system will be used at the response stage of disaster management.
Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Data loss is the center of focus of business continuity and disaster recovery (BC/DR), as this is the lifeblood of business operations today.
Fire Disaster Plan For a Skilled Nursing Facility The purpose of this fire disaster plan is to provide guidance to the skilled nursing facility on fire emergency procedures to protect the lives and property of staff, residents.
Community Disaster Preparedness in Nassau County, New York The objective of disaster management is to design a realistic and executable coordinated planning that minimizes duplication of functions and optimizes the overall effectiveness.
Article Review: “The Impact of Hurricane Katrina on Trust in Government” The research applies trust concept to and measured in dwellers of several counties within Mississippi and Louisiana.
International and South Africa’s Disaster Management When South Africa gained self-governance status in 1931, one of the issues that its government focused on was the management of major disasters.
Disaster and People Behavior Changes Some of the behavioral changes that occur due to the presence of a disaster relying from research from sources across the world on the countries affected by the disasters.
Organizational Behavior and Motivation in Hurricane Response This article examines methods that could be used to manage the aftermath of the Katrina disaster by some theorists in the field of creating mechanisms to regulate human behavior.
How Can We Prevent Natural Disasters?
What Is the Relationship Between Disaster Risk and Climate Change?
How Does Disaster Affect Our Lives?
Where Do Natural Disasters Happen?
What Natural Disasters Are Caused by Climate Change?
How Can We Communicate Without a Phone or Internet in a Disaster?
What Is the Difference Between Crisis Management and Disaster Recovery?
Can Natural Disasters Be Prevented?
How Can We Reduce Disaster Risk?
Are Natural Disaster Situations a Formidable Obstacle to Economic Growth?
Why Is Communication Important in Disaster Management?
How Do Natural Disasters Help the Earth?
What Are the Principles of Disaster Management?
Are There Any Aspects of BP’s Ethical Culture That Could Have Contributed to the Gulf Coast Oil Spill Disaster?
Why Is Governance Important in Disaster Management?
How Does Weak Governance Affect Disaster Risk?
What Are the 5 Important Elements of Disaster Preparedness?
How Can Climate Change Affect Natural Disasters?
What Is an Alternative Communication System During a Disaster?
How to Cope With the Stress of Natural Disasters?
Does Economic Growth Really Reduce Disaster Damage?
Who Is Responsible for Disaster Management?
What Is the Importance of Disaster Risk Assessment?
How Important Is Disaster Awareness and Preparedness?
Does Natural Disaster Only Harm Humankind?
All-Hazards Disaster Preparedness: The Role of the Nurse Preparing for hazards means developing skills and gaining knowledge that will allow allocating less time to decision-making in case of emergency.
Hurricane Katrina’s Mental Health Impact on Populations The occurrence of Hurricane Katrina and Tsunami disasters called for the development of specialized techniques that would respond to a crisis.
Disaster, Crisis, Trauma: Interview with a Victim An interviewed process suffered trauma in 2008. He was just a teenager when all the members of his family died in a plane crash.
Effects of Earthquakes: Differences in the Magnitude of Damage Caused by Earthquakes There are various types of earthquakes depending on the cause of the earthquake hence have different effects and damage to property and loss of life.
Disasters’ Benefits to People Who Experience Them The disasters cause more harm than good. This is because their negative consequences supersede the positive impacts.
Chernobyl Disaster’s Socio-Economic and Environmental Impact Future efforts to prevent the impacts of a disaster similar to the Chernobyl accident is to invest more in public information, considering the previous misconceptions.
Causes of the Haiti Earthquake This paper defines what an earthquake is, then discusses and reviews the causes of the Haiti Earthquake and the possibility of another Earthquake.
Environmental Disaster Education: Incorporation Into the University Curriculum Naturally, disasters occur without any notification. Depending on the type of disaster, it is always important to approach the problem with immediate effect.
Was the BP Oil Spill Disaster in the Gulf Avoidable Most of the people feel that the government would have done something to prevent the occurrence of the spillage.
The 1900 Galveston Hurricane: Disaster Management Failure Isaac Cline, who by then was the director of the Galveston Weather Bureau, placed his arguments which were based on the statements saying that the city of Galveston did not require a seawall.
Managing Change, the Challenger and Columbia Shuttle Disasters The crash of the Columbia and Challenger space shuttles is often construed with varied opinions. Both the incidences are blamed on a mixture of both technical and organizational breakdown.
Ethical and Legal Issues During Catastrophes or Disasters This paper will discuss the ethical and legal issues during catastrophes or disasters, with particular reference to the Haiti earthquake disaster.
Has the Media Changed the Response to Natural Disasters? This ethical information structure of this paper will be based on expounding the issues of the media and the way the media has played its part during a disaster.
Energy Safety and Earthquake Hazards Program The distribution of earthquakes around the world is not uniform. Some parts experience earthquakes frequently while others do not.
Recovery Efforts During 9/11 and Hurricane Katrina It is a prerequisite of any government in place to always be prepared for any disaster of whatever nature whether natural or humanly initiated.
Hurricane Katrina as One of the Worst National Disasters in the USA This paper illustrates the reasons why american levees failed to control the flooding problems during the Katrina hurricane what attributed to engineering ethics and the precaution.
Destructive Force: Earthquake in Aquila, Italy A high magnitude earthquake shook Central Italy and the worst hit was the city of Aquila, the pain and sorrow were palpable but it did not take long before the people decided to move on.
Hurricane Katrina and the USA’s South While the hurricane Katrina was natural, the destruction it caused was largely the result of the USA’s disregard of the south and its people.
International Studies: Global Disasters Natural disasters traditionally have been reasoned to be an effect of environmental conditions like volcanoes, cyclones, earthquakes, droughts, etc.
Historical Perspective and Disasters as a Process Natural disaster should be analyzed on the social level, because disasters are socially constructed and experienced in different ways by individuals or groups of individuals.
Hurricane Katrina: Determining Management Approach This paper discusses approaches to organizational change, their advantages, and disadvantages in connection with emergency management, for such disasters as Hurricane Katrina.
Scientific Responsibility for Earthquakes in Japan Extensive geological studies of the occurrence of earthquakes not only in Japan but also around the world have uncovered useful information on their devastating potential.
Media Coverage of the China 2008 Earthquake The Television and Video News websites used animate visuals to capture the aspects of the devastating epidemic of earthquake that struck China SiChuan region.
Vulnerability of Hazardville to Flooding Disasters History, research and the recent catastrophes of Hurricane Katrina, Hurricane Rita and the more recent Midwest floods have determined that the United States of America is highly vulnerable to natural disasters.
Natural Sciences. 1996 Mount Everest Disaster The events of spring 1996 are now remembered as one of the most unfortunate as fifteen individuals lost their lives during the summit to the Everest.
The Climate Tragedy and Adaptation to Disasters The idea of people’s adaptation to the potential disaster is considered in the context of a human trait to accept any threat.
Teaching Experience in Disaster Management Among Teenage Students The significance of the role that a nurse plays in disaster management (DM) is often overlooked yet is crucial to the safety and security of community members.
National Guidance During Hurricane Katrina Hurricane Katrina provided a lesson for the authorities of different levels. This paper analyzes the connection between the National Guidance and Hurricane Katrina.
Disaster Operations and Decision Making This paper discusses disaster operations issues, particularly the planning process, decision making, operations plans, protection in place and evacuation, and others.
Psychological Issues After a Crisis or Disaster Crisis and major changes in life have similar features but how an individual or community copes with different life crises has extremely distinct magnitudes and impacts on life.
Disaster Management and Training for Emergency A national emergency management training center’s existence ensures a higher level of cooperation, experience exchange, and knowledge accumulation.
Hurricane Katrina and Public Administration Action This paper discusses public administration action during Hurricane Katrina, examines key omissions, Super Dome, a “location of last resort,” and other related issues.
Emergency Planner’s Role in Disaster Preparedness This paper discusses the key role of emergency planners. It explains how the emergency planner takes part in each stage of the preparedness cycle.
Disaster Recovery Plan: Business Impact Analysis Avery organization must design a comprehensive disaster management plan in case of a disaster occurring in the area and disrupting the operations within a company.
The “New Normal” Concept After Disaster Many people were affected by Hurricane Sandy. This discussion uses the concept of “new normal” to explain how the major stages of loss can be used to support the affected individuals.
Disaster Management: Evacuations from Gulf Coast Hurricanes The main challenge that faced the emergency response to Hurricane Katrina and Rita was the inadequate protection of evacuees with medical and other special needs.
American and European Disaster Relief Agencies The paper describes the American Red Cross, Federal Emergency Management Agency, and the European Network for Traumatic Stress and explains their crisis-responding roles.
Flooding in Houston and New Life After It It may not be surprising that Houston was flooded since it is located in the wetlands that have been dried for years now.
Deepwater Horizon Disaster and Prevention Plan The Deepwater Horizon disaster occurred in 2010 caused severe deterioration of the environment as well as significant financial losses.
Hurricane Hanna, Aftermath and Community Recovery The consequences of the hurricane Hanna that were described by the Federal Emergency Management Agency suggest possible long-lasting environmental issues.

In case you need some help choosing a natural disaster title, here are some tips that will surely help you:

Make sure the area of research is exciting enough for you. Otherwise, the work on the paper would drag along painfully long and won’t bring you any pleasure.
Check with the requirements from your supervisor. It will help keep your search within the necessary limits.
Choosing topics that are as wide as the research areas is a bad idea since it would be hard to squeeze so much information into one paper. Instead, narrow it to something specific.

And here is the list of some intriguing natural disaster research areas to inspire you:

Early warning systems. Do early warning systems need improvement? You can evaluate the available data on the casualties after the chosen natural disaster and compare it to the events when early warning wasn’t used.
Natural hazards prevention. Another attractive research area is the geospace methods that inform people about natural hazards in real-time.
Technology and natural disasters. After the occurrence of powerful natural disasters, victims need efficient and timely rescue. You can look into the use of tech equipment in life-saving operations.
Natural disasters and society. This research area analyzes how people interact and cooperate under stressful circumstances of a natural disaster.
Emergency and Disaster Management Legal Framework
Disaster Support by Miami and Federal Emergency Management Agency
9/11 and Hurricane Katrina in Psychological Aspect
Disaster Plan Activation and Healthcare Staff
Hurricane Katrina and Emergency Planning Lessons
Family Self-Care and Disaster Management Plan
The Role of Homeland Security in Terrorism and Disaster Management
Valero Refinery Disaster and Confined Space Entry
The Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster Factors
Strategies for Disaster Management in the Context of Terrorism and Emergency Situations
Comprehensive Defense Strategies Against Coastal Flooding in Florida’s Vulnerable Areas
Importance of Evaluation in Disaster Management Plans for Effective Response
World Trade Center Disaster and Anti-Terrorism
Vulnerable Population: Disaster Management’ Improvement
Disaster Triage and Nursing Utilitarian Ethics
Disaster Recovery Planning in Risk Management Models for Businesses
Kendall Regional Medical Center’s Disaster Plan
Houston’s Recovery Efforts Post-Hurricane Harvey: Strategies and Outcomes
Key Functions and Importance of a Disaster Recovery Team in Crisis Management
Hurricane Katrina: Analyzing Facts, Impacts, and Future Prognosis
Hurricane Katrina, Its Economic and Social Impact
Strategies Applicable to the Hurricane Katrina
Disaster Management Strategies for Nonprofit Organizations
The Winter Snow Disaster in Philadelphia: Impact and Response
Fukushima and Chernobyl Nuclear Disasters: A Comparative Analysis
The Budalangi Flood: A Tragic Response to Unexpected Disaster
Geology: Iquique Earthquake in Chile
Transforming Healthcare: The Impact of Technology on TDM
Healthcare Facility Requirements for Epidemic Management
Disaster Preparedness Strategies for Midland Community Center
Hurricane Katrina’s Impact on Orleans and Gulf Coast: A Detailed Analysis
Disaster Response: Efficient Resource Utilization and Safety
Disaster Management in Large Cities: Challenges and Solutions
Environmental Studies: The Chernobyl Disaster
Strategic Preparedness: Essential Approaches for Disaster Readiness

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StudyCorgi . "287 Disaster Title Ideas for Research & Essays + Examples." September 9, 2021. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/disaster-essay-topics/.

StudyCorgi . 2021. "287 Disaster Title Ideas for Research & Essays + Examples." September 9, 2021. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/disaster-essay-topics/.

These essay examples and topics on Disaster were carefully selected by the StudyCorgi editorial team. They meet our highest standards in terms of grammar, punctuation, style, and fact accuracy. Please ensure you properly reference the materials if you’re using them to write your assignment.

This essay topic collection was updated on November 3, 2024 .

Understanding Poverty
Disaster Risk Management

Shock Waves : Managing the Impacts of Climate Change on Poverty

Ending poverty and stabilizing climate change will be two unprecedented global achievements and two major steps toward sustainable development. But the two objectives cannot be considered in isolation: they need to be jointly tackled through an integrated strategy. This report brings together those two objectives and explores how they can more easily be achieved if considered together.

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Climate Change, Disaster Risk, and the Urban Poor

Analyzing the key challenges the urban poor face from climate change and disasters and identifies strategies and financing opportunities.

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Disaster Risk Reduction, Climate Change Adaptation and Their Linkages with Sustainable Development over the Past 30 Years: A Review

Jiahong wen, chengcheng wan, jianping yan, weijiang li.

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Accepted 2023 Jan 30; Issue date 2023.

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ .

The severe damage and impacts caused by extreme events in a changing climate will not only make the sustainable development goals difficult to achieve, but also erode the hard-won development gains of the past. This article reviews the major impacts and challenges of disaster and climate change risks on sustainable development, and summarizes the courses and linkages of disaster risk reduction (DRR), climate change adaptation (CCA), and sustainable development over the past 30 years. Our findings show that the conceptual development of DRR actions has gone through three general phases: disaster management in the 1990s, risk management in the 2000s, and resilient management and development in the 2010s. Gradually, CCA has been widely implemented to overcome the adverse effects of climate change. A framework is proposed for tackling climate change and disaster risks in the context of resilient, sustainable development, indicating that CCA is not a subset of DRR while they have similarities and differences in their scope and emphasis. It is crucial to transform governance mechanisms at different levels, so as to integrate CCA and DRR to reduce disaster and climate change risks, and achieve safe growth and a resilient future in the era of the Anthropocene.

Keywords: Climate change adaptation, Disaster risk reduction, Resilience, Sustainable development goals, United Nations

Introduction

Frequent disasters triggered by natural hazards around the world have caused huge losses of life and property to human society (CRED and UNDRR 2020 ). Climate change is further exacerbating disaster risks, increasing the frequency and severity of disaster damage and losses, and seriously hindering our efforts to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs) (IPCC 2022 ). Disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA) have become significant common challenges facing the international community in the era of the Anthropocene.

In December 1989, the United Nations adopted a historical resolution, declaring that the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR) would be launched on 1 January 1990 (United Nations 1989 ). Since then, international disaster reduction efforts have been developing vigorously for more than 30 years. Global actions on climate change mitigation and adaptation also go back more than 30 years. In November 1988, the World Meteorological Organization and the United Nations Environment Programme jointly established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 1 In December 1990, the 45th session of the United Nations General Assembly endorsed resolution 45/212, deciding to establish the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) (United Nations 1992a ) with the participation of all member states of the United Nations, to negotiate international conventions on climate change, which was finally adopted in May 1992 (United Nations 1992a ). Since then DRR and CCA have become the core themes for international sustainable development.

Some previous studies have considered that CCA is a subset of disaster risk reduction and one of many processes within disaster risk reduction (Kelman 2015 ; Kelman et al. 2015 ). This may not be the case, however, in many ways, disaster risk reduction and CCA have overlapping aims and involve similar kinds of intervention (Twigg 2015 ; Islam et al. 2020 ). Therefore, many studies have suggested that addressing CCA and DRR together could be more beneficial (Clegg et al. 2019 ), and various studies have also explored ways and barriers of integrating DRR with CCA, as well as mainstreaming both into development (Mitchell et al. 2010 ; Florano 2015 ; Twigg 2015 ; Hore et al. 2018 ; Mal et al. 2018 ; Gabriel et al. 2021 ).

In the context that more than three years of the COVID-19 pandemic have affected all dimensions of social-ecological systems, and the proposed 2015−2030 sustainable development agenda has already been implemented halfway, the three main objectives of this study are to: (1) review the challenges, impacts, and risks of climate change and extreme events; (2) summarize the agenda and concept evolution of international DRR, CCA, and sustainable development since 1990; and (3) discuss the governance mechanisms and practices of integration of DRR and CCA—and their linkages with sustainable and resilient development—employed by the members of the international community over the past 30 years. Such work could help us find ways to achieve the goals set by the United Nations’ Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015−2030 (United Nations 2015a ), the Paris Agreement (United Nations 2015b ), and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (United Nations 2015c ).

Disaster Risk Reduction and Sustainable Development

From 2000 to 2019, 7,348 disaster events were recorded worldwide by EM-DAT (The International Disaster Database at the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters) (CRED and UNDRR 2020 ). These disasters claimed approximately 1.23 million lives, an annual average of 60,000 lost lives, and affected a total of over 4 billion people (many on more than one occasion) (CRED and UNDRR 2020 ). These disasters also led to approximately USD 2.97 trillion in direct economic losses worldwide. If the expected annual losses induced by natural hazards were shared equally among the world’s population, it would be equivalent to an annual loss of almost USD 70 for each individual of working age, or two months’ income for people living below the poverty line (UNISDR 2015 ). Clearly, sustainable development cannot be achieved without taking account of disaster risk reduction (UNDP 2004 ; UNDRR 2022 ). To do so, however, there are three major obstacles that need to be addressed.

First, there is still a lack of scientific and technological capabilities (including risk monitoring, risk assessment, early warning, and so on) and risk governance mechanisms to reduce the loss of life and property caused by very large-scale disasters globally. The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in China caused a total of 87,150 deaths and missing persons; in 2010, the Haiti Earthquake killed 222,500 people; the 2015/2016 droughts in India affected 330 million people; the direct economic losses caused by the 2011 East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami were as high as USD 210 billion (CRED and UNDRR 2020 ).

Second, EM-DAT does not record many small-scale but recurring disasters caused by extensive risks (minor but recurrent disaster risks) (UNISDR 2015 ), as well as indirect losses. From 2005 to 2014, direct economic losses due to extensive risks in 85 countries and territories were equivalent to a total of USD 94 billion (UNISDR 2015 ). Extensive risks are responsible for most disaster morbidity and displacement, and represent an ongoing erosion of development assets, such as houses, schools, health facilities, and local infrastructures. However, the cost of extensive risk is not visible and tends to be underestimated, as it is usually absorbed by low-income households and communities and small businesses. In addition, better recording and sharing of disaster information is needed for disaster loss accounting, forensics, and risk modeling (De Groeve et al. 2013 ; De Groeve et al. 2015 ; Hallegatte 2015 ; Khadka 2022 ; UNDRR 2022 ).

Third, in today’s crowded and interconnected world, indirect, cascading impacts can also be significant, and disaster impacts increasingly cascade across geographies and sectors (UNDRR 2022 ). Indirect losses, including output losses (such as business interruptions, supply-chain disruptions, and lost production due to capital damages), and macroeconomic feedbacks, may extend over a longer period of time than the event, and affect a larger spatial scale or different economic sectors (Hallegatte 2015 ). Therefore, indirect, cascading impacts may cause more serious harm to socioeconomic development in a region or society (Khadka 2022 ; UNDRR 2022 ).

Climate Change Risks and Sustainable Development

The best estimate of total human-caused global surface temperature increase from 1850–1900 to 2010–2019 is around 1.1 °C, and each of the last four decades has been successively warmer than any decade that preceded it since 1850 (IPCC 2021 ; WMO 2021 ). If the temperature continues to rise at the current rate, global warming could reach 1.5 °C between 2030 and 2052 (IPCC 2018 ). Increasing risks associated with health, livelihoods, food security, water supply, human security, and economic growth are all expected in a rapidly changing climate (Carleton and Hsiang 2016 ; IPCC 2018 ). The Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR6) has identified over 130 key risks (KRs) that may become severe under particular conditions of climate hazards, exposure, and vulnerability. These key risks are represented in eight so-called Representative Key Risk (RKR) clusters of key risks relating to low-lying coastal systems; terrestrial and ocean ecosystems; critical physical infrastructure, networks, and services; living standards; human health; food security; water security; and peace and mobility (IPCC 2022 ). The international scientific community has warned that without quick actions on the following three urgent issues, the severe damage and impacts of climate change and extreme events will not only put the achievement of the SDGs out of reach but also erode the hard-won development gains of the past.

The first issue is that as human-induced climate change, including more frequent and intense extreme events, has affected and will continue to threaten the lives and livelihoods of millions to billions of people, the challenges of how to significantly reduce the emerging risks of climate change are enormous ((IPCC 2018 , 2022 ; Rising et al. 2022 ). Currently, climate-related disasters account for more than 80% of disasters caused by natural hazards (UNDRR 2021 ). Around the world 3.3−3.6 billion people live in areas of high vulnerability to climate change (IPCC 2022 ).

The second issue is that under higher warming scenarios (for example, 3−4 °C) it is almost certain that Planet Earth will cross tipping points, leading to irreversible changes in ecosystems or climate patterns, which will significantly limit our ability to adapt (Steffen et al. 2018 ; Lenton et al. 2019 ; Ritchie et al. 2021 ). The challenges of how to address the adaptation limits that are already being confronted across the world will only increase (Future Earth et al. 2022 ). For example, in high-emission scenarios, week-long heat extremes that break records by three or more standard deviations are two to seven times more probable in 2021–2050 and three to 21 times more probable in 2051–2080, compared to the last three decades (Fischer et al. 2021 ). Building codes in many areas have to be modified and even redesigned.

The third issue is the lack of scientific research to better understand the mechanisms of systemic risks caused by climate change in the context of deep uncertainty. For example, record-shattering extremes—nearly impossible in the absence of warming—are likely to occur in the coming decades (Fischer et al. 2021 ), which may lead to the emergence of systemic risks with large-scale, non-linear, and cascading consequences in socioeconomic systems (Helbing 2012 ; Renn et al. 2019 ). Deep uncertainty is mainly reflected in three aspects, including uncertain scenarios of climate change, uncertain consequences of decision making, and uncertain schemes of decision making. Due to the deep uncertainty of the changes, over- or under-adaptation can occur, leading policymakers and planners to make suboptimal decisions (Linstone 2004 ; Kwakkel et al. 2016 ; Marchau et al. 2019 ; Webber and Samaras 2022 ).

Agenda and Evolution of International Disaster Risk Reduction, Climate Change Adaptation, and Sustainable Development

A landmark year for DRR, CCA, and sustainable development was 2015 because three important events occurred in that year—the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015−2030, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the Paris Agreement under the UNFCCC (United Nations 2015a ; United Nations 2015b ; United Nations 2015c ) were adopted by the international community. Looking back in history can help us understand the governance of international DRR and CCA, and their important processes and context (Fig. 1 ).

Important events of disaster risk reduction (DRR), climate change adaptation (CCA), and sustainable development since 1990. IPCC: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

Source Modified from Mal et al. ( 2018 )

International Disaster Risk Reduction Action Framework and Concept Evolution

In 1987, the 42nd session of the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution and decided to designate the 1990s as the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR) (United Nations 1987 ), calling on governments from all over the world to actively participate in and support this action. The main goal of the IDNDR was to minimize the losses of life and property, as well as the impacts and damage to the economy and society caused by disasters. In 1999, the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) and the UNISDR Secretariat were established as the successor arrangements for the IDNDR to be responsible for the implementation of DRR plans and strategies among UN member states, with a view to further strengthening international disaster reduction efforts. In 2019, the Secretariat changed its name to the UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR). 2

The First World Conference on Natural Disaster Reduction held at Yokohama, Japan in 1994 adopted the Yokohama Strategy and Plan of Action for a Safer World (IDNDR 1994 ), reiterating the focus of the IDNDR. The Yokohama Plan of Action urged the incorporation of disaster prevention, preparedness, early warning, recovery, local capacity building, and improvement of disaster response mechanisms into national policies in order to reduce the impacts of disasters.

In 2005, the Second World Conference on Natural Disaster Reduction held at Kobe, Hyogo, Japan, adopted the Hyogo Declaration and the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005−2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters (United Nations 2005 ). The goals of the Hyogo Framework were to substantially reduce the loss of human, socioeconomic, and environmental assets of communities and countries from disasters by 2015 by integrating DRR into strategies and planning processes, and by promoting the effective role of local knowledge, resilience building, and climate adaptation. The action framework includes an expected outcome, three strategic goals, and five priorities for actions (Fig. 2 ).

The Hyogo Framework for Action 2005−2015: Expected outcome, strategic goals, and priorities for action (United Nations 2005 )

In March 2015, the Third World Conference on Natural Disaster Reduction held in Sendai, Japan, adopted the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015−2030 (United Nations 2015a ). The Sendai Framework set out an expected outcome and seven quantitative goals to be achieved in the following 15 years, together with four priorities for actions—understanding disaster risk, strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk, investing in DRR for resilience, and enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response and to “Build Back Better” in recovery, rehabilitation, and reconstruction (Fig. 3 ). The endorsement of the Sendai Framework opened a new chapter for DRR and sustainable development.

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015−2030: Expected outcome, strategic goals, and priorities for action (United Nations 2015a )

Over the past 30 years, in general, the development of DRR and related goals and priorities for action can be divided into three stages of disaster management in the 1990s, disaster risk management in the 2000s, and resilience management and development in the 2010s. The three stages reflect the key characteristics and important conceptual development of DRR actions at different stages rather than being separated from each other. Disaster management focuses on disaster-centered approaches (Fig. 4 ), and countermeasures are focused on disaster preparedness and response. Disaster risk management is to prevent new disaster risk, reduce existing disaster risk, and manage residual risk on the basis of risk-based decisions. It emphasizes risk-centered approaches (Fig. 4 ), and prevention and reduction are superior to response and relief. Resilience management (Fig. 4 ) is a new paradigm, which puts the emphasis on enhancing the ability of a system, community, or society to resist, absorb, accommodate, adapt to, transform, and recover from the effects of a hazard (predictable or unpredictable) in a timely and efficient manner, including through the preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures and functions through risk management. 3 These ideas are embodied in the three World Conferences on Natural Disaster Reduction held by the United Nations and the adopted disaster risk reduction strategies and action frameworks.

A comparison between disaster management, risk management, and resilience management

The 1990s coincided with the IDNDR, which emphasized the enhancement of national disaster management capabilities in disaster prevention, mitigation, preparedness, and relief. The Yokohama Strategy urged the enhancement of disaster management for achieving sustainable development, and clarified that to achieve the goals of the IDNDR, disaster prevention, mitigation, and preparedness were more effective than disaster relief (IDNDR 1994 ). The 2000s witnessed the transition from disaster management to risk management. The Hyogo Framework emphasized that the focus of DRR should shift to disaster risk management and that DRR should be a national and a local priority and incorporated into national development policies (United Nations 2005 ). In the 2010s, the concept of the DRR field further shifted to resilience building. Researchers and practitioners at different levels worked a lot on the theory and practice of resilience, and gradually resilient management and development became an international consensus (Cutter et al. 2013 ; Florin and Linkov 2016 ; Gencer 2017 ).

Climate Change Risk Assessment and Adaptation

Over the past 30 years, the IPCC has issued a series of comprehensive assessment reports about the state of scientific, technical, and socioeconomic knowledge on climate change impacts, risks, and adaptation. The adaptation negotiations under the UNFCCC have also made significant progress, and gradually, CCA has been widely implemented to overcome the adverse effects of climate change at all levels.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Reports

Since 1988, every 6−7 years, nearly a thousand scientists around the world have engaged in various fields of climate change and socioeconomic and sustainable development to provide policymakers with a comprehensive explanation of the current international scientific community’s latest understanding of climate system changes in so far six assessment reports (see Fig. 1 ). Since 1990, IPCC’s six climate change assessment reports have made fruitful evaluations of the scientific progress of climate system changes, the impacts and risks of climate change on natural and socioeconomic systems, and the options for limiting greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change. The reports have become authoritative documents for the international community’s combat of climate change, providing a scientific basis for the negotiations of the UNFCCC, and an important scientific basis for governments to formulate policies and take actions on climate change mitigation and adaptation (Qin 2018 ). In order to assess the relationship between climate change and extreme weather events, and their impacts on the sustainable development of society, the IPCC issued a special report on “Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation” in February 2012 (IPCC 2012 ). The report pointed out that the extent of damage caused by extreme weather to elements at risk depends not only on the extreme events, but also on the exposure and vulnerability of the social-ecological systems. The report also systematically explains the paths and methods of disaster risk management to adapt to climate change.

Adaptation is an important part of the IPCC reports. The IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) summarizes the adaptation needs, options, plans, and measures of climate change, and assesses the role of adaptation, the limitations of adaptation, and the transformation of adaptation in four chapters. The report gives a variety of adaptation measures, which can be grouped into three categories—measures to reduce exposure, incremental adaptation measures, and transformational adaptation measures (IPCC 2014 ). The IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) Working Group II (WGII) report describes the current status of adaptation and its benefit, future adaptation options and their feasibility, adaptation limitations, and maladaptation and how to avoid it. The feasibility of 23 adaptation measures is evaluated, which shows adaptation is subject to hard and soft limits (IPCC 2022 ).

Adaptation Negotiations Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

Damage and loss associated with climate change impacts have emerged as key issues underpinning climate change adaptation at the global level during recent climate change negotiations under the UNFCCC (Prabhakar et al. 2015 ). Along with the rise in climate-related hazards, and the impacts and risks of fast-onset extremes and slow-onset changes (such as sea level rise) in the climate system, adaptation started attracting more attention at COP 10 (Conference of the Parties in 2004), then received successive boosts from the adoption of the Bali Action Plan in 2007 and the following COPs in Cancun (Mexico) in 2010 and others leading up to the 2015 Paris Agreement (Shaw et al. 2016 ) (see Fig. 1 ).

In December 2015, the Paris Climate Change Conference reached a series of results centered on the Paris Agreement, which became an important historical and binding international framework aiming to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change (United Nations 2015b ).The Paris Agreement puts forward three goals:

Holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels and striving to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 °C above the pre-industrial levels;

Increasing the ability to adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change and foster climate resilience and low greenhouse gas emissions development, in a manner that does not threaten food production; and

Making finance flows consistent with a pathway towards low greenhouse gas emissions and climate-resilient development.

In terms of adaptation and reduction of the damage and loss caused by climate change, global adaptation goals have been proposed to enhance adaptability, strengthen resilience, and reduce vulnerability to climate change.

Over the past 30 years, the adaptation negotiations under the UNFCCC can be roughly divided into three stages of early slow progress, equal emphasis on adaptation and mitigation, and enhanced adaptation action. The climate negotiations were characterized by “emphasis on mitigation, neglect of adaptation” in the early stage. After the 2007 Bali Roadmap adopted by the 13th Conference of the Parties (COP 13) that put equal emphasis on mitigation and adaptation, the adaptation-related agenda and its importance were increased under the UNFCCC negotiation regime. The 2010 Cancun Adaptation Framework and the 2015 Paris Agreement put forward specific action frameworks to enhance global adaptation actions, and to establish an international governance and mechanism for global adaptation to climate change, which laid a good foundation for enhancing climate resilience, reducing vulnerability, and achieving the goals of the UNFCCC (Tao 2014 ; Chen et al. 2016 ; Chen 2020 ).

Linkages of Disaster Risk Reduction, Climate Change Adaptation, and the Sustainable Development Goals

In 1987, the Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development “Our Common Future” put forward the strategy of sustainable development, marking the birth of a new concept of development (WCED 1987 ). In June 1992, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (also known as the Earth Summit) adopted a series of important documents—the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development (also known as the Earth Charter); Agenda 21; the Framework Convention on Climate Change; and the Convention on Biological Diversity. The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification was adopted on 17 June 1994. The Earth Summit established a road map of sustainable development with harmonious coexistence between humans and nature (United Nations 1992b ; Cicin-Sain 1996 ). A considerable incentive for rethinking disaster risk as an integral part of the development process comes from the aim of achieving the goals laid out in the Millennium Declaration. The Declaration sets forth a road map for human development supported by 191 nations in 2000 (UNDP 2004 ). Following the end of the 2000−2015 Millennium Development Goals (United Nations 2000 ), the United Nations Development Summit in September 2015 unanimously adopted the draft resolution “Transforming our world: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,” submitted by the 69th session of the United Nations General Assembly (United Nations 2015c ). The SDGs in the United Nations 2030 Agenda replaced the Millennium Development Goals launched by the United Nations at the beginning of the 21st century.

The agenda includes 17 SDGs and 169 associated targets. These development goals all closely interact and influence climate change and disaster risks. For example, Goal 9 building resilient infrastructure, Goal 11 building inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable cities and human settlements, and Goal 13 taking urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts, all are directly related to DRR and CCA. Many of these 169 associated targets also involve reducing disaster risks and disaster impacts. For example, one of the specific targets of Goal 1 is to build the resilience of the poor and those in vulnerable situations and reduce their exposure and vulnerability to climate-related extreme events and other economic, social, and environmental shocks and disasters by 2030. Disasters put development at risk, and losses caused by climate change and extreme events may severely hinder many countries from achieving SDGs. At the same time, the realization of the SDGs will also help reduce human vulnerability to climate change and disasters, thereby greatly reducing disaster risks.

Climate change adaptation and DRR have similarities and differences in their scope and emphasis (Twigg 2015 ; Clegg et al. 2019 ). The common aim of CCA and DRR is to manage the risk induced by weather/climate-related hazards, including extreme events and climate-related creeping environmental changes, which is part of climate risk management (see Fig. 4 ). Their difference is that DRR not only deals with hydrometeorological disaster risk closely related to climate change, but also manages risks caused by other natural hazards, such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions (Twigg 2015 ). In addition, DRR focuses more on reducing the potential losses of people and assets. Climate change adaptation also has its focus areas, such as the impact of climate change on ecosystems and biodiversity, and infectious diseases and health (IPCC 2022 ). According to the Adaptation Gap Report 2022 (UNEP 2022 ), CCA actions are currently mainly focused on agriculture, water, ecosystems, and cross-cutting sectors. Disaster risk reduction and CCA are two major areas of integrated risk management (Fig. 5 ), thus both should be joined within the integrated risk management that is an important pillar and field of resilient, sustainable development. Under the framework of resilient development, there are two areas that are closely related to climate change and DRR, that is, emergency management and climate change mitigation (Fig. 5 ). The synergistic effects of integrated risk management, emergency management, and climate change mitigation will effectively ensure safe growth and resilient development.

A framework for addressing disaster and climate change risks in the context of resilient, sustainable development

In many ways, DRR and CCA have overlapping aims and involve similar kinds of intervention (Begum et al. 2014 ; Forino et al. 2015 ; Twigg 2015 ; Amaratunga et al. 2017 ).

People and ecosystems across the world are already confronted with limits to adaptation, and if the planet warms beyond 1.5 °C or even 2 °C, more widespread breaching of adaptation limits is expected (Forino et al. 2015 ; Twigg 2015 ).

Addressing climate change may have the potential to create or exacerbate other development concerns (Kelman et al. 2015 ). Large dams might contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation through reduced dependence on fossil fuels and regulating floods. But large dams tend to increase flood risk over the long term in a process termed ‘‘risk transference’’ (Etkin 1999 ). Seawalls and infrastructural development along coastlines may also induce changes in water currents, destruction of natural ecosystems, and increased or shifted erosion from protected to unprotected areas (Dahl et al. 2017 ; Rahman and Hickey 2019 ; Piggott-Mckellar et al. 2020 ; Simon et al. 2020 ). Seawalls may effectively reduce impacts to people and assets in the short term but may also result in lock-ins and increase exposure to coastal hazards in the long term unless they are integrated into a long-term climate risk management plan. Although fire suppression in naturally fire-adapted ecosystems prevents fire damage, such action reduces the space for natural processes, thus reducing the ecosystem’s resistance to climate change and its ecosystem service value (Ruffault and Mouillot 2015 ; Hope et al. 2016 ).

Therefore, DRR and CCA should be addressed together under integrated risk management to overcome limits and maladaptation, and optimize the use of limited resources (Mitchell et al. 2010 ; Twigg 2015 ; Flood et al. 2022 ). Thus, the integration of CCA and DRR can contribute to achieving the goals of international frameworks such as the SDGs (Kelman and Gaillard 2010 ; UN DESA 2014 ; Kelman 2017 ; Clegg et al. 2019 ), the Sendai Framework, and the Paris Agreement (Amaratunga et al. 2017 ).

However, there are many factors that hinder successful integration of CCA and DRR (Amaratunga et al. 2017 ; Seidler et al. 2018 ; Dias et al. 2020 ; Islam et al. 2020 ). Barriers include poor communication between organizations, coordination challenges, lack of political willingness, lack of capacity among actors and institutions, policy gaps, mismatches, different funding systems, fund shortages, and so on. Disaster risk reduction and CCA are frequently addressed, studied, and analyzed independently (O’Brien and Li 2006 ; Ireland 2010 ; Kelman et al. 2015 ; Chmutina et al. 2016 ; Clegg et al. 2019 ), separated by institutional and administrative boundaries (Schipper and Pelling 2006 ; Kelman 2017 ; Pilli-Sihvola 2020 ). For historical and political reasons, internationally, the way we are currently working addresses climate change, DRR, development-related projects, and humanitarian relief separately (Fig. 6 ). International funding mechanisms establish and implement independent projects of CCA, DRR, and so on in target countries through international organizations (such as different agencies of the United Nations), resulting in segmented practices.

A scheme showing international funding mechanisms for target countries

At the national level, CCA and DRR are also frequently handled independently, separated by institutional and administrative boundaries (Schipper and Pelling 2006 ; Kelman 2017 ; Dias et al. 2018 ; Clegg et al. 2019 ). In China, for example, the Fourteenth Five Year Plan for National Comprehensive Disaster Prevention and Reduction (2021−2025) was formulated by the National Disaster Reduction Commission, which is only a deliberative body and thus it is difficult to promote the implementation of the plan. In 2022, 17 national departments jointly issued the National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy 2035, with the Ministry of Ecology and Environment as the leading department. Climate change adaptation and DRR efforts are still addressed by two sets of organizations in China. In the Philippines, DRR and CCA are operationalized independently of one another (Florano 2015 ; De Leon and Pittock 2017 ). There are two separate laws on climate change and disaster risk reduction and management—the Climate Change Act of 2009 and the Philippine National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010, respectively. This is also the case in national level arrangements in the UK, where DRR and CCA are managed by separate government departments (Dias et al. 2018 ; Clegg et al. 2019 ).

To change this situation, effective governance mechanisms, such as policy, agreement, culture, leadership, and coordination need to be established among international organizations, as well as between international organizations and target countries, while countries also need to establish overarching national risk governance systems (Fig. 7 ). Thus, tailored country programs can be established through international risk governance solutions, and implemented in target countries by a unified mechanism under the national risk governance system.

Integrated risk governance solution among international organizations and countries

Moreover, a wide range of climate change impacts and disaster risks (especially the cascading and systemic risks) are understudied or challenging to quantify, and are missing from current evaluations of climate change and other disaster risks to lives and assets (Mamuji and Etkin 2019 ; Mcglade et al. 2019 ; Rising et al. 2022 ). Importantly, integrated risk and resilience management is about managing known risks but also about preparing for the unpredictable (Pirani and Tolkoff 2015 ). Thus, better data, actionable information, and relevant knowledge on climate change and disaster risk are needed to promote the integration of CCA and DRR (Mysiak et al. 2018 ; Zuccaro et al. 2020 ).

This study reviews the major impacts and challenges of disaster and climate change risks on sustainable development, summarizes the important events and evolution of international disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation over the past 30 years, and reviews the linkages of DRR and CCA to sustainable development. The three main conclusions are:

Disasters caused by both intensive and extensive disaster risks have a huge impact on lives and livelihoods. Indirect losses and cascading effects may cause even more serious damage to the socioeconomic development of a region or a society. Most disasters triggered by natural hazards are related to weather/climate events. Especially under a changing climate, compound events and systemic risks are increasing, and record-shattering extremes are likely to occur in the coming decades, which will significantly limit our ability to adapt.

Over the past 30 years, the evolution of paradigms in DRR actions can be roughly divided into three stages—disaster management in the 1990s, disaster risk management in the 2000s, and resilient management and development in the 2010s. These ideas are embodied in the three World Conferences on Natural Disaster Reduction held by the United Nations and the adopted disaster reduction strategies and action frameworks. The adaptation negotiations under the UNFCCC over the past 30 years also can be roughly divided into three stages of early slow progress, equal emphasis on adaptation and mitigation, and enhanced adaptation action. Climate change adaptation has been widely carried out to overcome the adverse effects of climate change. The integrated risk management community has also learned the current status of adaptation and its benefit, future adaptation options and their feasibility, adaptation limitations, and maladaptation and how to avoid it.

This article proposes a framework for addressing climate change and disaster risks in the context of resilient, sustainable development. Climate change adaptation is not a subset of DRR, and they have both similarities and differences in their scope and emphasis. Disaster risk reduction and CCA should be joined under the integrated risk management that is an important pillar of resilient and sustainable development. Under the umbrella of resilient development, there are two areas that are closely related to climate change and DRR—disaster management and climate change mitigation. The synergistic effects of integrated risk management, emergency management, and climate change mitigation will effectively support safe growth and resilient development.

To successfully integrate CCA and DRR, it is urgently needed to transform governance mechanisms, and to strengthen cooperation among international organizations, as well as between international organizations and countries, while countries also need to establish overarching national risk governance systems. Moreover, better data, actionable information, and relevant knowledge are needed for understanding climate change and disaster risks in a context of deep uncertainty.

The severe effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our health and socioeconomic well-being are a stark warning of the dangers of insufficient actions, prevention, and preparedness—but people and societies can adopt new behaviors when the problems and situations are changing. In the context of climate emergency, the feasibility and effectiveness of adaptation measures will decrease with increasing warming. It is urgently needed to leverage the synergies of CCA and DRR, together with climate change mitigation and disaster management, in order to prevent new risks, reduce and mitigate existing vulnerabilities and risks, and to realize the goals of the Sendai Framework, the Paris Agreement, and the Sustainable Development Goals.

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 42171080, 41771540), the National Social Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 18ZDA105), and the Humanities and Social Sciences Program of the Ministry of Education (Grant No. 21YJC630146).

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https://www.undrr.org/about-undrr/history .

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Systematic mapping of disaster risk management research and the role of innovative technology

Research Article
Published: 16 September 2020
Volume 28 , pages 4289–4306, ( 2021 )

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disaster risk management research topics

Israel R. Orimoloye ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-5058-2799 1 , 2 ,
Temitope C. Ekundayo 3 ,
Olusola O. Ololade 1 &
Johanes A. Belle 2

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Globally, disaster risk management (DRM) has gone through a criterion transpose from static to a technology-based proactive approach in managing disasters including natural and anthropogenic disasters. This study aimed at exploring this research niche and to identify the main topical issues currently underway, such as the most disaster risk management techniques and prevalent geographical locations using scientometrics techniques. The result reveals that studies on DRM during the period of investigation witnessed an increase from early 2000 and peaking in 2017 followed by 2016 with a Kolmogorov-Smirnoff goodness-of-fit of 0.9672. More so, there exists a decline in year 2018 with about 144 published articles on DRM. However, research output fluctuated during the survey period between 1990 and 2004; for instance, the result shows that the research published on DRM in year 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 and 1995 are six, seven, five, seven, three and seven articles, respectively. In this study, the contribution of different nations and country collaboration to different sub-categories of disasters was examined. Global distributions of scientific articles tailored to DRM research across different environmental and disaster issues that demonstrate the development of analytical tools used to detect them and the researchers’ production from various nations in both developed and developing countries were evaluated. Despite the recurrence of climate-related disasters in some parts of the world, relevant studies, disaster impacts and support systems remain poorly understood and not well explored.

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ICT in disaster management context: a descriptive and critical review

Knowledge mapping analysis of research progress and frontiers in integrated disaster risk management in a changing climate

Exploring the emerging evolution trends of disaster risk reduction research: a global scenario

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Acknowledgements

Authors are grateful to the University of the Free State for creating an enabling environment for research and Rstudio Team for providing the tool free for the analysis.

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Israel R. Orimoloye & Olusola O. Ololade

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Israel R. Orimoloye & Johanes A. Belle

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria

Temitope C. Ekundayo

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Orimoloye, I.R., Ekundayo, T.C., Ololade, O.O. et al. Systematic mapping of disaster risk management research and the role of innovative technology. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28 , 4289–4306 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10791-3

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Received : 20 June 2020

Accepted : 09 September 2020

Published : 16 September 2020

Issue Date : January 2021

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10791-3

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There has been enormous progress in science and technology in different areas of disaster risk over the past decades, yet the impact of disasters continues to increase around the globe. In the first two decades of the 21st century alone, 7,348 disaster events occurred worldwide, involving around 1.23 million ...

Keywords : Policy Making, Integrated Disaster Risk Research, Disaster Risk Management, Disaster Risk Reduction, transdisciplinary approaches

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