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Research Question Examples 🧑🏻‍🏫
Research Question Examples
- Psychology research questions
- Business research questions
- Education research questions
- Healthcare research questions
- Computer science research questions
Examples: Psychology
Let’s start by looking at some examples of research questions that you might encounter within the discipline of psychology.
How does sleep quality affect academic performance in university students?
This question is specific to a population (university students) and looks at a direct relationship between sleep and academic performance, both of which are quantifiable and measurable variables.
What factors contribute to the onset of anxiety disorders in adolescents?
The question narrows down the age group and focuses on identifying multiple contributing factors. There are various ways in which it could be approached from a methodological standpoint, including both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Do mindfulness techniques improve emotional well-being?
This is a focused research question aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of a specific intervention.
How does early childhood trauma impact adult relationships?
This research question targets a clear cause-and-effect relationship over a long timescale, making it focused but comprehensive.
Is there a correlation between screen time and depression in teenagers?
This research question focuses on an in-demand current issue and a specific demographic, allowing for a focused investigation. The key variables are clearly stated within the question and can be measured and analysed (i.e., high feasibility).
Examples: Business/Management
Next, let’s look at some examples of well-articulated research questions within the business and management realm.
How do leadership styles impact employee retention?
This is an example of a strong research question because it directly looks at the effect of one variable (leadership styles) on another (employee retention), allowing from a strongly aligned methodological approach.
What role does corporate social responsibility play in consumer choice?
Current and precise, this research question can reveal how social concerns are influencing buying behaviour by way of a qualitative exploration.
Does remote work increase or decrease productivity in tech companies?
Focused on a particular industry and a hot topic, this research question could yield timely, actionable insights that would have high practical value in the real world.
How do economic downturns affect small businesses in the homebuilding industry?
Vital for policy-making, this highly specific research question aims to uncover the challenges faced by small businesses within a certain industry.
Which employee benefits have the greatest impact on job satisfaction?
By being straightforward and specific, answering this research question could provide tangible insights to employers.
Examples: Education
Next, let’s look at some potential research questions within the education, training and development domain.
How does class size affect students’ academic performance in primary schools?
This example research question targets two clearly defined variables, which can be measured and analysed relatively easily.
Do online courses result in better retention of material than traditional courses?
Timely, specific and focused, answering this research question can help inform educational policy and personal choices about learning formats.
What impact do US public school lunches have on student health?
Targeting a specific, well-defined context, the research could lead to direct changes in public health policies.
To what degree does parental involvement improve academic outcomes in secondary education in the Midwest?
This research question focuses on a specific context (secondary education in the Midwest) and has clearly defined constructs.
What are the negative effects of standardised tests on student learning within Oklahoma primary schools?
This research question has a clear focus (negative outcomes) and is narrowed into a very specific context.
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Examples: Healthcare
Shifting to a different field, let’s look at some examples of research questions within the healthcare space.
What are the most effective treatments for chronic back pain amongst UK senior males?
Specific and solution-oriented, this research question focuses on clear variables and a well-defined context (senior males within the UK).
How do different healthcare policies affect patient satisfaction in public hospitals in South Africa?
This question is has clearly defined variables and is narrowly focused in terms of context.
Which factors contribute to obesity rates in urban areas within California?
This question is focused yet broad, aiming to reveal several contributing factors for targeted interventions.
Does telemedicine provide the same perceived quality of care as in-person visits for diabetes patients?
Ideal for a qualitative study, this research question explores a single construct (perceived quality of care) within a well-defined sample (diabetes patients).
Which lifestyle factors have the greatest affect on the risk of heart disease?
This research question aims to uncover modifiable factors, offering preventive health recommendations.
Examples: Computer Science
Last but certainly not least, let’s look at a few examples of research questions within the computer science world.
What are the perceived risks of cloud-based storage systems?
Highly relevant in our digital age, this research question would align well with a qualitative interview approach to better understand what users feel the key risks of cloud storage are.
Which factors affect the energy efficiency of data centres in Ohio?
With a clear focus, this research question lays a firm foundation for a quantitative study.
How do TikTok algorithms impact user behaviour amongst new graduates?
While this research question is more open-ended, it could form the basis for a qualitative investigation.
What are the perceived risk and benefits of open-source software software within the web design industry?
Practical and straightforward, the results could guide both developers and end-users in their choices.
Remember, these are just examples…
In this post, we’ve tried to provide a wide range of research question examples to help you get a feel for what research questions look like in practice. That said, it’s important to remember that these are just examples and don’t necessarily equate to good research topics . If you’re still trying to find a topic, check out our topic megalist for inspiration.
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Research Project Guide
100 Research Questions Examples For Students
Explore 100 research questions examples for students to spark curiosity and guide your academic inquiries effectively.
Oct 31, 2024
Staring at a blank page and wondering how to start a research project can feel overwhelming. You know you need to get your head around the topic, but that vague “where do I go from here?” the feeling just keeps lingering. The good news is you’re not alone; chances are, you only need a good set of research questions to get you going. This guide will show you some examples of research questions that can help you conduct fast research and write efficiently. And if you’re looking for ways to streamline the process even more, Otio’s AI research and writing partner might be just what you need to get the job done.
Table Of Contents
What is a research question, how to find a good research question in 6 simple steps, types of research questions, supercharge your researching ability with otio — try otio for free today.
The Core of Your Research Project
A research question is the engine that drives your entire research project. It’s not just a question—it's what sets your study in motion and dictates its direction. By focusing your energy on crafting a solid research question, you pave the way for a more structured and meaningful investigation. The best research questions are clear and detailed enough that anyone can understand them without explanation. They’re also focused, allowing you to address them within whatever time constraints you’re working with.
Get Specific: Focus and Clarity Are Key
A good research question is laser-focused and doesn’t just wander around aimlessly. Consider you’re looking at a massive pile of data. Your research question is like a spotlight, illuminating only the information that matters to your study. It’s specific enough that you can answer it within the time you have, yet broad enough to be worth exploring in depth. And it’s not a yes-or-no question, but rather one that requires you to analyze and piece together different ideas before you can land an answer.
The Art of Crafting: Keep It Short and Sweet
When you’re writing your research question, aim for brevity. A good question gets to the point without unnecessary fluff. The language should be straightforward to understand. This helps you stay on track and makes it easier for others to grasp what you’re trying to discover.
Be Argumentative: Invite Debate and Discussion
A practical research question invites debate and discussion. It doesn’t just reaffirm what we already know—it challenges existing ideas and proposes new ones. This is where things can get exciting as you explore uncharted territory and push the boundaries of what’s possible.
Guide the Entire Process
Your research question is like a compass guiding you through the entire research process. It helps you determine the research design and methodology, and it even plays a role in forming your hypothesis. By asking the right questions, you can gather valuable information that will ultimately lead you to your answer.
Why It’s So Important: Navigate with Purpose
Whether your project is qualitative or quantitative , a well-crafted research question provides a roadmap for both you and your audience. It ensures you avoid “all-about” papers that lack focus and direction. Instead, you can zero in on a specific thesis and build a compelling argument.
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2. Understand Your Assignment's Requirements
Before crafting a research question, you must grasp your assignment's requirements. Consider whether you need to test a proposition, evaluate data, or state and defend an argument. Review the assignment instructions and discuss them with your tutor or lecturer. Pinpointing the purpose will guide you in selecting an appropriate topic and framing your question effectively.
3. Picking a Research Topic That Excites You
Have you been given a list of topics, or are you free to choose? Clarify the guidelines with your tutor if needed. Choose a topic that genuinely interests you. Your enthusiasm will lead to deeper investment, creativity, and engaging and insightful assignments.
4. Conduct Initial Research to Inform Your Question
Before drafting your question, read key academic sources on your chosen topic. Focus on recently published works and influential texts. This stage is about familiarizing yourself with the primary debates and arguments in the field. Concentrate on the core ideas in introductions and conclusions—detailed note-taking can come later.
5. Narrow Your Focus for Depth
After some preliminary research, refine your topic to a specific issue or debate. Exploring one aspect in depth is more effective than skimming multiple areas. Consider subtopics, specific issues, and debates within the broader topic. Consider targeting a particular period, location, organization, or group. Focus on the points and arguments you want to make, and choose a subtopic or limitation that best supports this.
6. Crafting a Clear and Compelling Research Question
With your topic narrowed down, focus on writing your research question . This question should outline a straightforward task for you to complete. Keep in mind your assignment's purpose, which can vary across disciplines. Generally, good research questions require analysis. Questions starting with "how" and "why" are often more valuable than those starting with "what" or "describe." Consider using terms like critique, argue, examine, and evaluate to guide your inquiry.
Descriptive: What are the primary factors influencing crop yield in temperate climates?
Explanatory: Why do certain soil types yield higher grain production than others?
Exploratory: How might new organic farming techniques influence soil health over a decade?
Comparative: How do the growth rates differ between genetically modified and traditional corn crops?
Predictive: Based on current climate models, how will changing rain patterns impact wheat production in the next 20 years?
Animal Science
Descriptive: What are the common behavioral traits of domesticated cattle in grass-fed conditions?
Explanatory: Why do certain breeds of chickens have a higher egg production rate?
Exploratory: What potential benefits could arise from integrating tech wearables in livestock management?
Comparative: How does the milk yield differ between Holstein and Jersey cows when given the same diet?
Predictive: How might increasing global temperatures influence the reproductive cycles of swine?
Aquaculture
Descriptive: What are the most commonly farmed fish species in Southeast Asia?
Explanatory: Why do shrimp farms have a higher disease outbreak rate than fish farms?
Exploratory: How might innovative recirculating aquaculture systems revolutionize the industry's environmental impact?
Comparative: How do growth rates of salmon differ between open-net pens and land-based tanks?
Predictive: How will ocean acidification impact mollusk farming over the next three decades?
Descriptive: What tree species dominate the temperate rainforests of North America?
Explanatory: Why are certain tree species more resistant to pest infestations?
Exploratory: What are the benefits of integrating drone technology in forest health monitoring?
Comparative: How do deforestation rates compare between legally protected and unprotected areas in the Amazon?
Predictive: Given the increasing global demand for timber, how might tree populations in Siberia change in the next half-century?
Horticulture
Descriptive: What are the common characteristics of plants suitable for urban vertical farming?
Explanatory: Why do roses require specific pH levels in the soil for optimal growth?
Exploratory: What potential methods might promote year-round vegetable farming in colder regions?
Comparative: How does fruit yield differ between traditionally planted orchards and high-density planting systems?
Predictive: How might changing global temperatures affect wine grape production in traditional regions?
Soil Science
Descriptive: What are the main components of loamy soil?
Explanatory: Why does clay-rich soil retain more water compared to sandy soil?
Exploratory: How might biochar applications transform nutrient availability in degraded soils?
Comparative: How do nutrient levels vary between soils managed with organic versus inorganic fertilizers?
Predictive: Based on current farming practices, how will soil quality in the Midwest U.S. evolve over 30 years?
Architecture And Planning Examples
Architectural design.
Descriptive: What are the dominant architectural styles of public buildings constructed in the 21st century?
Explanatory: Why do certain architectural elements from classical periods continue to influence modern designs?
Exploratory: How might sustainable materials revolutionize the future of architectural design?
Comparative: How do energy consumption levels differ between buildings with passive design elements and those without?
Predictive: Based on urbanization trends, how will the design of residential buildings evolve in the next two decades?
Landscape architecture
Descriptive: What are the primary components of a thriving urban park design?
Explanatory: Why do certain vegetation types promote more extraordinary biodiversity in urban settings?
Exploratory: What innovative techniques can restore and integrate wetlands into urban landscapes?
Comparative: How does visitor satisfaction vary between nature-inspired landscapes and more structured, geometric designs?
Predictive: With the effects of climate change, how might coastal landscape architecture adapt to rising sea levels over the coming century?
Urban Planning
Descriptive: What are the main components of a pedestrian-friendly city center?
Explanatory: Why do specific urban layouts promote more efficient traffic flow than others?
Exploratory: How might the integration of vertical farming impact urban food security and cityscape aesthetics?
Comparative: How do the air quality levels differ between cities with green belts and those without?
Predictive: How will urban planning strategies adjust to potentially reduced daily commutes based on increasing telecommuting trends?
Arts And Design Examples
Graphic design.
Descriptive: What are the prevailing typography trends in modern branding?
Explanatory: Why do certain color schemes evoke specific emotions or perceptions in consumers?
Exploratory: How is augmented reality reshaping the landscape of interactive graphic design?
Comparative: How do print and digital designs differ regarding elements and principles when targeting a young adult audience?
Predictive: Based on evolving digital platforms, what are potential future trends in web design aesthetics?
Industrial Design
Descriptive: What characterizes the ergonomic features of leading office chairs in the market?
Explanatory: Why have minimalist designs become more prevalent in consumer electronics over the past decade?
Exploratory: How might bio-inspired design influence the future of vehicles?
Comparative: How does user satisfaction differ between traditional versus modular product designs?
Predictive: Given the push towards sustainability, how will material selection evolve in the next decade of product design?
Multimedia arts
Descriptive: What techniques currently define the most popular virtual reality (VR) experiences?
Explanatory: Why do specific sound designs enhance immersion in video games more effectively than others?
Exploratory: How might holographic technologies revolutionize stage performances or public installations in the future?
Comparative: How do user engagement levels differ between 2D and 3D animations in educational platforms?
Predictive: With the rise of augmented reality (AR) wearables, what might be the next frontier in multimedia art installations?
Performing Arts
Descriptive: What styles of dance are currently predominant in global theater productions?
Explanatory: Why do certain rhythms or beats universally resonate with audiences across cultures?
Exploratory: How might digital avatars or AI entities play roles in future theatrical performances?
Comparative: How does audience reception differ between traditional plays and experimental, interactive performances?
Predictive: Considering global digitalization, how might virtual theaters redefine the experience of live performances in the future?
Visual Arts
Descriptive: What themes are prevalent in contemporary art exhibitions worldwide?
Explanatory: Why have mixed media installations become prominent in 21st-century art?
Exploratory: How is the intersection of technology and art opening new mediums or platforms for artists?
Comparative: How do traditional painting techniques, such as oil and watercolor, contrast in terms of texture and luminosity?
Predictive: With the evolution of digital art platforms, how might the definition and appreciation of "original" artworks change in the coming years?
Business and finance examples
Entrepreneurship
Descriptive: What do startups in the tech industry face the main challenges?
Explanatory: Why do some entrepreneurial ventures succeed while others fail within their first five years?
Exploratory: How are emerging digital platforms reshaping the entrepreneurial landscape?
Comparative: How do funding opportunities for entrepreneurs differ between North America and Europe?
Predictive: What sectors will see the most startup growth in the next decade?
Descriptive: What are the primary sources of external funding for large corporations?
Explanatory: Why did the stock market experience a significant drop in Q4 2022?
Exploratory: How might blockchain technology revolutionize the future of banking?
Comparative: How do the financial markets in developing countries compare to those in developed countries?
Predictive: Based on current economic indicators, what is the forecasted health of the global economy for the next five years?
Human Resources
Descriptive: What are the most sought-after employee benefits in the tech industry?
Explanatory: Why is there a high turnover rate in the retail sector?
Exploratory: How might the rise of remote work affect HR practices in the next decade?
Comparative: How do HR practices in multinational corporations differ from those in local companies?
Predictive: What skills will be in the highest demand in the workforce by 2030?
Descriptive: What are the core responsibilities of middle management in large manufacturing firms?
Explanatory: Why do some management strategies fail in diverse cultural environments?
Exploratory: How are companies adapting their management structures in response to the gig economy?
Comparative: How does the management style in Eastern companies compare with Western businesses?
Predictive: How might artificial intelligence reshape management practices in the next decade?
Descriptive: What are the most effective digital marketing channels for e-commerce businesses?
Explanatory: Why did a particular viral marketing campaign succeed in reaching a global audience?
Exploratory: How might virtual reality change the landscape of product advertising?
Comparative: How do marketing strategies differ between B2B and B2C sectors?
Predictive: What consumer behaviors will dominate online shopping trends in the next five years?
Operations Research
Descriptive: What are the primary optimization techniques used in supply chain management?
Explanatory: Why do certain optimization algorithms perform better in specific industries?
Exploratory: How can quantum computing impact the future of operations research?
Comparative: How does operations strategy differ between service and manufacturing industries?
Predictive: Based on current technological advancements, how might automation reshape supply chain strategies by 2035?"
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Qualitative Research Questions: Discovering the Unknown
1. exploratory questions: opening doors to new understandings.
Exploratory questions are designed to illuminate a topic without predetermined biases or expectations. They aim to uncover insights and gather foundational information. For instance, asking, "What are the experiences of first-time mothers navigating healthcare services in rural areas?" allows for organic discovery. Similarly, exploring "How do employees perceive the impact of remote work on their professional growth?" provides a platform for understanding diverse perspectives.
2. Predictive Questions: Peering into the Future
Predictive questions seek to understand future outcomes or intentions around a topic. They help in formulating expectations about what might happen next. For example, questions like "What motivates individuals to adopt eco-friendly practices in urban settings?" aim to identify potential trends. Similarly, asking, "What are the anticipated effects of social media on teenagers’ self-esteem over the next decade?" helps predict future implications based on current observations.
3. Interpretive Questions: Making Sense of Shared Experiences
Interpretive questions focus on understanding behaviors and experiences in their natural settings. They aim to comprehend how groups interpret and make sense of various phenomena. For example, "How do families experience and interpret the cultural significance of holiday traditions?" seeks to explore personal and collective interpretations. Questions like "In what ways do teachers adapt their methods to engage students in virtual classrooms?" investigate adaptive behaviors in changing environments.
Quantitative Research Questions: Testing the Hypothesis
1. descriptive questions: exploring the basics.
Descriptive questions are the most straightforward type of quantitative research question. They seek to explain the situation's who, what, when, where, and how. For instance, "What percentage of high school graduates go on to attend college in the United States?" provides an essential overview. Similarly, asking, "How often do patients in a specific age group visit their primary care physician annually?" reveals patterns in healthcare usage.
2. Comparative Questions: Drawing Meaningful Contrasts
Comparative questions are helpful when studying groups with dependent variables. They help compare one variable to another to identify significant differences. For example, "Is there a significant difference in job satisfaction between remote and on-site employees?" aims to highlight disparities. Similarly, asking, "How do stress levels differ between high school students and college students?" sets the stage for understanding comparative stress factors.
3. Relationship-based Questions: Exploring Influential Connections
Relationship-based questions examine whether one variable influences another. These questions are often used in experimental research to identify causal relationships. For instance, "Does the amount of screen time influence levels of physical activity in adolescents?" explores potential impacts. Similarly, asking, "Is there a correlation between income level and access to mental health services in urban areas?" seeks to identify influential connections.
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